Systematic review and Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of Fengliao Changweikang prescription in treatment of acute gastroenteritis / 中国中药杂志

This study systematically evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of Fengliao Changweikang prescription for treating acute gastroenteritis(AGE). The databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, Medline, Cochrane Library and two clinical trial registration platforms were retrieved from inception to August 30, 2022, to collect randomized controlled trial(RCT) on Fengliao Changweikang prescription treating AGE. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment according to pre-established inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.4.1 was used for data analysis. Finally, 18 RCTs were included, involving 3 489 patients. Meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional western medicine, Fengliao Changweikang prescription improved the relief rate of abdominal pain(RR=1.27, 95%CI[1.17, 1.38],P<0.000 01); Fengliao Changweikang prescription + conventional western medicine increased the cure rate(RR=1.43, 95%CI[1.12, 1.82], P=0.004), shortened the duration of diarrhoea(RR=-1.65, 95%CI[-2.44,-0.86], P<0.000 1), abdominal pain(RR=-1.46, 95%CI[-2.00,-0.92], P<0.000 01), vomiting(RR=-2.16, 95%CI[-2.51,-1.81], P<0.000 01) and fever(RR=-2.61, 95%CI[-4.00,-1.23], P=0.000 2), down-regulated the level of interleukin-8(IL-8)(RR=-1.07, 95%CI[-1.26,-0.88], P<0.000 01), IL-6(RR=-8.24, 95%CI[-8.99,-7.49], P<0.000 01) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)(RR=-3.04, 95%CI[-3.40,-2.69], P<0.000 01) and recurrence of AGE(RR=0.20, 95%CI[0.05, 0.90], P<0.04). In conclusion, Fengliao Changweikang prescription was safe in clinical application. It was beneficial to alleviate the clinical symptoms of diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and fever, and down-regulate the levels of some serum inflammatory factors in AGE patients. However, considering that few high-quality studies have evaluated the efficacy and safety of Fengliao Changweikang prescription in treatment of AGE, further evidence is needed in the future.

Systematic review and Meta-analysis of Biling Weitong Granules in treatment of stomach ache disorder / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Biling Weitong Granules in the treatment of stomach ache disorder. Randomized controlled trial(RCT) of Biling Weitong Granules in the treatment of digestive diseases with stomach ache disorder as the primary symptom was retrieved from Chinese and English electronic databases and trial registration platforms from database inception to June 10, 2022. Two investigators conducted literature screening and data extraction according to the screening criteria. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool(v 2.0) was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 and R 4.2.2, with summary estimates measured using fixed or random effects models. The primary outcome indicators were the visual analogue scale(VAS) scores and stomach ache disorder symptom scores. The secondary outcome indicators were clinical recovery rate, Helicobacter pylori(Hp) eradication rate, and adverse reaction/events. Twenty-seven RCTs were included with a sample size of 2 902 cases. Meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional western medicine treatments or placebo, Biling Weitong Granules could improve VAS scores(SMD=-1.90, 95%CI[-2.18,-1.61], P<0.000 01), stomach ache disorder symptom scores(SMD=-1.26, 95%CI[-1.71,-0.82], P<0.000 01), the clinical recovery rate(RR=1.85, 95%CI[1.66, 2.08], P<0.000 01), and Hp eradication rate(RR=1.28, 95%CI[1.20, 1.37], P<0.000 01). Safety evaluation revealed that the main adverse events in the Biling Weitong Granules included nausea and vomiting, rash, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and bitter mouth, and no serious adverse events were reported. Egger's test showed no statistical significance, indicating no publication bias. The results showed that Biling Weitong Granules in the treatment of digestive system diseases with stomach ache disorder as the primary symptom could improve the VAS scores and stomach ache disorder symptom scores of patients, relieve stomach ache disorder, and improve the clinical recovery rate and Hp eradication rate, with good safety and no serious adverse reactions. However, the quality of the original studies was low with certain limitations. Future studies should use unified and standardized detection methods and evaluation criteria of outcome indicators, pay attention to the rigor of study design and implementation, and highlight the clinical safety of the medicine to provide more reliable clinical evidence support for clinical application.

The success rate of His-Purkinje system pacing in patients with various sites of atrioventricular block / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To evaluate the success rate of His-Purkinje system pacing (HPSP) in patients with various sites of atrioventricular block (AVB) and provide clinical evidence for the selection of HPSP in patients with AVB. Methods: This is a retrospective case analysis. 637 patients with AVB who underwent permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation and requiring high proportion of ventricular pacing from March 2016 to September 2021 in the Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command were enrolled. The site of AVB was determined by electrophysiological examination. His bundle pacing (HBP) was performed in the first 130 patients (20.4%) who were classified as the HBP group and HPSP included HBP and/or left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) was performed in later 507 patients (79.6%) and these patients were classified as the HPSP group. The basic clinical information such as age and sex of the two groups was compared, and the success rates of HBP or HPSP in patients with different sites of AVB and QRS intervals were analyzed. Results: The age of HBP group was (66.4±15.9) years with 75 males (57.7%). The age of HPSP group was (66.8±13.6) years with 288 (56.8%) males. Among 637 patients, 63.0% (401/637) had atrioventricular node block; 22.9% (146/637) had intra-His block; 14.1% (90/637) had distal or inferior His bundle block. Totally, the success rate of HPSP was higher than that of HBP [93.9% (476/507) vs. 86.9% (113/130), P<0.05]. In each group of patients with various AVB sites, the success rate of HPSP was higher than that of HBP respectively and both success rates of HBP and HPSP showed a declining trend with the distant AVB site. The success rate of HBP in patients with atrioventricular node block and intra-His block was higher than that in patients with distal or inferior His bundle block [95.2% (79/83) vs. 47.1% (8/17), P<0.001; 86.7% (26/30) vs. 47.1% (8/17), P=0.010]. The success rate of HPSP was higher than that of HBP in patients with distal or inferior His bundle block [87.7% (64/73) vs 47.1% (8/17), P=0.001]. In patients with QRS<120 ms, 94.9% (520/548) of AVB sites were in atrioventricular node or intra-His, and HBP had a similar high success rate with HPSP [95.6% (109/114) vs. 96.3% (418/434), P=0.943] in these patients. In patients with QRS ≥ 120 ms, 69.7% (62/89) of AVB sites were at distal or inferior His bundle, and the success rate of HBP was only 25.0% (4/16), while the success rate of HPSP was as high as 79.5% (58/73), P<0.001. Conclusions: In patients with QRS<120 ms and atrioventricular node block or intra-His block, success rates of HBP and HPSP are similarly high and HBP might be considered as the first choice. In patients with QRS ≥ 120 ms and AVB site at distal or inferior His bundle, the success rate of HPSP is higher than that of HBP, suggesting LBBP should be considered as the first-line treatment option.

Feasibility Analysis of EVIDEM Framework in Health Technology Assessment of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） health technology assessment （HTA） provides scientific information and decision-making basis for decision-makers at all levels to choose TCM health technology reasonably. However， it is still in its infancy. In the future， it is necessary to strengthen top-level design， improve cognition and attention， enhance talent training and cooperation， and speed up the development of evaluation criteria in line with the characteristics of TCM， so as to promote the development of HTA in TCM. Therefore， it is imperative to create a method system and tools suitable for TCM HTA. Evidence and value impact on decisionmaking （EVIDEM） framework is developed by EVIDEM collaboration. It combines evidence and value to form a relatively complete decision-making framework system， which can provide methodological support for medical insurance reimbursement， clinical practice decision-making， drug selection and so on. The introduction of EVIDEM framework into the field of TCM has methodological feasibility and practical operability， but it is still necessary to further integrate and optimize the TCM characteristics. On the basis of theoretical research， pilot studies are carried out with Chinese patent medicine as the breakthrough point， forming a preliminary framework and implementation path for the research of TCM HTA， in order to promote healthcare decision-making and achievement transformation.

Research Status of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Treating Gastric Cancer and Precancerous Lesion of Gastric Cancer by Regulating Autophagy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system， and precancerous lesion of gastric cancer （PLGC） represents a long-term stage in the process of malignant development of normal gastric mucosa into gastric cancer. Gastric cancer and precancerous lesions are difficult to cure clinically， leaving poor prognosis and a serious negative impact on the quality of daily life of patients. In recent years， studies on cell autophagy have been at the forefront of the natural life science. Regulating autophagy to treat precancerous lesions and prevent gastric cancer has become nowadays a hot topic. Autophagy is a process in which cells enclose some redundant or damaged cytoplasm， proteins and organelles to form autophagosomes， and bind to lysosomes to degrade the contents. Autophagy has bidirectional effect on different cells and different stages of the same cell. Autophagy at a lower level can kill cancer cells， while autophagy can promote the growth and proliferation of cancer cells under stress conditions such as hypoxia， hunger and infection， or when autophagy clears damaged proteins in cells and organelle function is abnormal. Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）， which has low toxicity and easy acceptance by patients， has a positive effect on the treatment of gastric cancer and PLGC. At present， studies on the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer and PLGC by TCM have been carried out in depth with cell autophagy as the breakthrough point. More and more research results have confirmed that TCM can regulate the autophagy process of gastric cancer cells and play an anti-tumor role by interfering with various autophagy related genes， signal pathways and organelles. This paper summarizes the studies on the regulation of cell autophagy by TCM in the treatment of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions， so as to provide references for future studies on the regulation of autophagy by TCM.

Four new lanostane triterpenoids from latex of Euphorbia resinifera / 中国中药杂志

Four new lanostane triterpenoids, 3β-hydroxy-12α-methoxylanosta-7,9(11),24-triene(1), 3β-hydroxy-12α-methoxy-24-methylene-lanost-7,9(11)-dien(2), 3,7-dioxo-lanosta-8,24-diene(3), and 3,7-dioxo-24-methylene-lanost-8-en(4), were isolated from the latex of Euphorbia resinifera with a variety of chromatography methods. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data and/or comparison with the data reported in previous research. Compounds 1, 2, and 4 showed moderate inhibition of LPS-induced NO production by RAW264.7, with IC_(50) of 30.4, 37.5, and 28.3 μmol·L~(-1), respectively.

TUBB1 mutation in children with congenital hypothyroidism and thyroid dysgenesis in Shandong, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the types and characteristics of TUBB1 mutation in children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and thyroid dysgenesis (TD) in Shandong, China.@*METHODS@#Mutations of the whole coding region of the TUBB1 gene were analyzed for 289 children with CH and TD in Shandong. Whole-genome DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. PCR multiplication was performed for the whole coding region of the TUBB1 gene. Sanger sequencing was performed for the PCR products, and a biological information analysis was performed.@*RESULTS@#Among the 289 children with CH and TD, 4 (1.4%) were found to have a c.952C>T(p.R318W) heterozygous mutation in the TUBB1 gene, resulting in the change of tryptophan into arginine at codon 318 of TUBB1 protein. This mutation was evaluated as "potentially pathogenic" based on the classification criteria and guidelines for genetic variation by American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics.@*CONCLUSIONS@#A novel mutation is detected in the exon of the TUBB1 gene in children with CH and TD in Shandong, suggesting that the TUBB1 gene may be a candidate pathogenic gene for CH children with TD.

The protective effect of tea polyphenols on chronic alcoholic liver injury in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of tea polyphenols intervention on excess alcohol intake induced liver injury in rats. This study established the animal model of chronic liver injury rats induced by alcohol. Our results will provide experimental evidence for the effects of tea polyphenol on chronic alcoholic liver injury.@*METHODS@#Alcohol-induced liver injury rat models were established, and the tea polyphenols intervention was performed in the meantime. After 8 weeks, rats were anesthetized, and visceral fat and liver samples were separated, weighted and stored. Visceral fat content was evaluated in fat/body weight ratio. Liver lipid accumulation was assessed by liver index and the result of Oil Red O staining. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total antioxidant capacity assay (T-AOC) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity were detected. And fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36) protein level in liver was detected.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the control group rats, the fat/body weight ratio, SOD/MDA, T-AOC and GSH-Px activity of chronic liver injury rats were decreased significantly (<0.05,<0.01). Meanwhile the liver index, FAT/CD36 protein level and lipid deposition in liver of chronic liver injury rats were increased (<0.01). Compared with chronic liver injury rats, the tea polyphenols intervention increased fat/body weight ratio (<0.05), and significantly increased SOD/MDA, T-AOC and GSH-Px activity (<0.01). Meanwhile the tea polyphenols intervention reduced liver index (<0.01), FAT/CD36 protein level (<0.01) and lipid deposition in liver.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Tea polyphenols intervention can improve lipid deposition and oxidative stress in chronic alcoholic liver, which is concurrent with decreased FAT/CD36 protein expression on the hepatocyte membrane.

Effects of exercise and low-fat diet on the TNF-alpha expression of insulin resistance in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of exercise (EX), low-fat diet (LFD) and their combination intervention on the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) expression of insulin resistance in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and thirty male rats randomly assigned to 2 groups: Control (CON)-10 rats consuming a low-fat diet; HFD-120 rats consuming a high-fat diet (HFD). The dietary regimen was sustained for 8 wk, at which point the 40 HFD group rats gaining the most weight were referred to as the obese rats. Glucose tolerance was assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). During the procedure of OGTT, the blood was drawn for insulin assay (insulin release test). The whole body insulin resistance was assessed by glucose-insulin index. The obese HFD group rats were randomized into one of four intervention groups: HFD-sedentary (HFD-SED), HFD-exercise(HFD-EX), low fat diet-SED (LFD-SED), LFD-EX. Ex rats performed 8-wk exercise training on a motorized treadmill. The CON group had access to low-fat diet for another 8 wk. After 8 wk of exercise and low-fat diet intervention, the OGTT and insulin release test were performed again. To use ELISA technique for detecting TNF-alpha in soleus muscle and adipose tissue.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After being fed high-fat diet for 8 wk, glucose-insulin index in the HFD group were significantly greater than that in CON group (P < 0.01). After 8-week exercise and low-fat diet intervention, glucose-insulin index in HFD-SED group was significantly greater than that in CON group (P < 0.01). The index in three intervention groups was significantly less than that in HFD-SED group (P < 0.01) . TNF-alpha content in adipose tissue and the soleus muscle for HFD-SED group was significantly greater than that in CON group (P < 0.01). Three intervention groups were significantly less than HFD-SED group (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Exercise and low-fat diet interventions can decrease the TNF-alpha expression in insulin resistance rat.</p>

Identification of Gynostemma from their adulterant Cayratia japonica by PCR-RFLP / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a convenient and effective method for the identification of Gynostemma and Cayratia japonica.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Eight species, including Gynostemm pentaphyllum, G. pentagynum, G. cardiospermum, G. longipe, G. yixingense, G. laxiflorum, G. guangxiense and C. japonica were investigated through PCR - RFLP of six chloroplast DNA fragments. The six gene fragments were digested by six restriction endonuclease respectively, including Taq I, Hpa II, EcoR I, Rsa I, Hha I, Hind III.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Seven species of Gynostemma and their adulterant could be identified by trnK1f-trnK2r and Rsa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PCR - RFLP provides a quick, reliable molecular marker technique for identification of Cynostemma and their adulterant Cayratia japonica.</p>